Briefly explain the working principle of the incinerator

As the incinerator is put into operation, knowledge of the combustion furnace is becoming more and more in-depth. Therefore, in order to ensure the function and operation requirements of the combustion furnace, methods such as raising the chimney, equipping with forced draft fans and induced draft fans have been adopted in the equipment planning to meet the demand for combustion air volume during the combustion process.

1. Operating principle of pulse throwing grate incinerator:

The waste is fed into the monotonic bed of the combustion furnace through an automatic feeding unit, and then sent to the previous stage grate. After high-temperature transpiration and cracking on the grate, the grate is thrown under the propulsion of pulse air power equipment, gradually throwing the waste into the next level grate. At this time, polymer substances undergo cracking and other substances are burned. Continue like this until it is finally burned out and enters the ash pit, which is discharged by the automatic slag removal equipment.

Combustion air is sprayed into the grate through the air holes and mixed with the waste for combustion, causing the waste to suspend in the air. The substances produced by transpiration and cracking enter the secondary combustion chamber for further cracking and combustion. The unburned flue gas enters the third combustion chamber for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas is heated by steam on the heating surface of the boiler, and together with the flue gas, it is cooled and discharged.

2. Operating principle of rotary incinerator:

A rotary combustion furnace uses cooling water pipes or refractory materials to be placed along the furnace body, with the furnace body horizontally placed and slightly tilted. Through continuous operation of the furnace body, the waste in the furnace body is fully burned and moves towards the skewed direction of the furnace body together until it is burned out and discharged from the furnace body.

3. Operating principle of fluidized bed incinerator:

The furnace body is composed of porous distribution plates, in which a lot of quartz sand is added. The quartz sand is heated to above 6009C, and hot air above 200C is blown into the bottom of the furnace to make the hot sand lively before being put into waste. The waste is jubilant with the hot sand, and it quickly becomes monotonous, catches fire, and burns. The proportion of unburned waste is relatively light, and it continues to burn vigorously. The proportion of burned waste is relatively high, and it falls to the bottom of the furnace. After being cooled by water, the coarse and fine slag is sent to the outside of the plant using sorting equipment. A small amount of medium slag and quartz sand is sent back to the furnace for continuous use through improved equipment.

4. Operating principle of mechanical grate incinerator:

The waste enters the skewed downward grate through the feeding hopper (the grate is divided into monotonic zone, combustion zone, and burnout zone). Due to the staggered movement between the grate, the waste is pushed downwards, causing the waste to pass through various areas on the grate in sequence (when the waste enters from one area to another, it plays a big turning role) until it is completely burned and discharged from the furnace. Combustion air enters from the lower part of the grate and mixes with waste; The high-temperature flue gas generates hot steam through the heating surface of the boiler, and the flue gas is also cooled. Ultimately, the flue gas is discharged after being treated by the flue gas treatment equipment.